Your employer is sponsoring your work visa. PERM is the first step.

PERM labor certification is the first stage of most employer-sponsored work visa processes. The employer must demonstrate through recruitment that no qualified U.S. worker is available for the position at the prevailing wage. The Department of Labor administers the PERM program.

Overview

PERM labor certification is the first stage of most employer-sponsored work visa processes. The employer must demonstrate through recruitment that no qualified U.S. worker is available for the position at the prevailing wage. The Department of Labor administers the PERM program.

This page provides detailed legal information about perm labor certification as it applies to permanent residents in the United States. Understanding the requirements, deadlines, and procedures ensures your immigration status remains secure. All content is authored by Jayson Elliott, J.D., a California-licensed attorney, and is current as of April 2026.

Form I-90 renewal and replacement go through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Most applicants move through it without issue, but criminal-history factors, conditional-resident status, lost or stolen cards, and pending naturalization can complicate the case. Understanding the requirements, timelines, and known traps reduces delay and protects your permanent-resident status while the renewal is pending.

What to do about perm labor certification

Your Rights Under California Law

Permanent residents have substantial rights under federal law.

Right to continued status

When your card expires, your underlying status does not. The card simply documents your LPR status; it isn’t the status. Permanent residency stays intact unless it is formally ended through abandonment, removal proceedings, or rescission.

Right to work

An expired work visa with a valid I-90 receipt notice remains acceptable proof of employment authorization. Employers cannot require reverification or refuse to accept this documentation.

Right to travel

An expired green card paired with your receipt notice supports international travel and reentry. If you’ll be outside the U.S. for more than a year, file Form I-131 (reentry permit) before departure.

How California Law Applies

Statutory authority for green-card renewal lies in the INA, implemented through regulations at 8 CFR § 264.5. USCIS adjudicates Form I-90 applications by checking applicant identity, prior LPR status, and the presence of disqualifying factors.

On September 10, 2024, USCIS implemented a 36-month receipt extension that supersedes the previous 24-month and 12-month versions. Every properly filed I-90 renewal benefits from the extension, which allows continued employment authorization and international travel while the case processes.

Conditional permanent residents are governed by their own statutes — INA § 216 for marriage-based status and INA § 216A for investor-based status. Both require timely petitions to remove conditions, filed within the 90-day window before the card expires.

The Legal Process

Renewal begins with Form I-90 (online at uscis.gov or by mail to the Phoenix lockbox). On acceptance, USCIS issues an I-797C receipt notice that doubles as proof of status while the case is in process.

Form I-90 takes 8–14 months to adjudicate, depending on workload and service center. Premium processing is not available for I-90s. Case status can be checked online using the receipt number.

What Documentation Matters

Key documents for immigration sponsorship include:

• Current or expired work visa — Front and back copy. If lost, submit a police report or written explanation.
• Government-issued photo ID — Passport, driver’s license, or state ID with name, date of birth, photo, and signature.
• Filing fee — $415 online or $465 by mail. Fee waivers available with Form I-912.
• Name change evidence — If applicable: marriage certificate, divorce decree, or court order with certified English translation if in a foreign language.
• Form I-797C receipt notice — After filing, save this document. It extends your card’s validity for 36 months.

Frequently Asked Questions